Alzheimer’s is a progressive and the most common neurological disorder. It primarily affects the brain, leading to memory loss. It is characterized by the accumulation of protein aggregates in the brain. In severe cases, it reduces the ability to perform everyday activities.
Memory loss is the earliest symptom of this disease, and individuals experience difficulty remembering information. As the disease progresses, they forget names, events, individuals, etc.
Cognitive decline affects problem-solving, judgment, language skills, and the ability to concentrate on completing daily tasks.
Behavioral changes manifest as individuals experiencing anxiety, agitation, or exhibiting mood swings. Additionally, they might have difficulty adapting to new situations or environments.
Medications used for Alzheimer’s include:
1.Cholinesterase Inhibitors:
- Donepezil
- Rivastigmine
- Galantamine
These medications work by increasing levels of acetylcholine, a neurotransmitter involved in memory and learning. They can help improve symptoms related to cognition and daily living activities.
2.NMDA Receptor Antagonist:
- Memantine
Memantine works by regulating the activity of glutamate, another neurotransmitter. It is often prescribed for moderate to severe Alzheimer’s disease and can help with symptoms such as confusion and memory loss.
3.Acetyl L-Carnitine:
This is the structural analogue of acetylcholine, which increases the level of acetylcholine and reduces the signs and symptoms of Alzheimer’s disease.
4.Combination Therapy:
In some cases, healthcare providers may prescribe a combination of cholinesterase inhibitors and memantine for a more comprehensive approach to symptom management.
In addition to medications, various therapeutic strategies and lifestyle interventions may be recommended:
- Cognitive Stimulation
- Physical Exercise
- Healthy Diet
- Social Engagement
- Occupational Therapy
- Caregiver Support
Research into Alzheimer’s disease is ongoing, and new treatment options may emerge in the future. It’s crucial for individuals with Alzheimer’s and their families to work closely with healthcare professionals to determine the most appropriate treatment plan for their specific situation. Always consult with a healthcare provider for the latest information and guidance
